Types of D. C. Machines

Before discussing DC Motor Types we should know what a DC Motor is?

What is a D. C. Motor ?

A D. C. Motor is an electrical arrangement or machine that take D. C. Input from the supply and produce mechanical power or torque. Technically, the input is given to machine via a commutator and machine produce torque which rotates the rotor.

Classification of D. C. Motor

There are two ways of classification of D. C. Motors.

• Classification Based Upon Power Intake
• Classification Based Upon Position of Magnetic Field System

Now we will discuss these classification in detail.

Classification Based Upon Power Intake

Based intake power type D. C. Machine is of two types viz. D. C. Motor and D. C. Generator.

Type	Power Input	Power Output
D. C. Generator	Mechanical Power	Electrical Power
D. C. Motor	Electrical Power	Mechanical Power

Classification Based Upon Position of Magnetic Field System

This is major and widely used classification system or type for both D. C. Motor and D. C. Generator. We will discuss this system only for D. C. Motor. Based on this system of classification ( According to location of field system ) , D. C. Motor are of four types :

• Separately Excited D. C. Motor
• Series D. C. Motor
• Shunt D. C. Motor
• Compound D. C. Motor

Separately Excited D. C. Motor

In separately excited D. C. Motors, the field system is located on stator and is completely separated from armature and other parts. In separately excited D. C. Motors the magnetic field is produced either by an electromagnet mounted on pole hosted on stator of the motor.
In short we can say that in separately excited D. C. Motors the excitation is electrical separated from armature. The circuit diagram is shown below

Series D. C. Motor

Sometimes in D. C. Motors the magnetic field is produced by an inductor or a solenoid type electrical component connected in series with the armature coil. This arrangement is called Series D. C. Motor. The circuit diagram is shown below

Shunt D. C. Motor

Sometimes in D. C. Motors the magnetic field is produced by an inductor or a solenoid type electrical component connected in parallel with the armature coil. This arrangement is called Series D. C. Motor. The circuit diagram is shown below

Compound D. C. Motor

Sometimes in D. C. Motors the magnetic field is produced by an inductor or a solenoid type electrical component connected in both series and parallel with the armature coil. This arrangement is called D. C. Compound Motor. The circuit diagram is shown below